国外研究孕妇食物禁忌及原因，供姐妹参考

英国人还比较重视VINTAMIN D的含量，因为现在的研究孕妇普遍缺乏VINTAMIN D，他们认为即使晒大太阳，孕妇也会普遍缺少VD，而这个会影响钙的吸收，也会影响宝宝的发育，而且可能英国天气比较湿冷的原因吧。

还有就是国人趋之若鹜的叶酸，英国国家规定孕妇叶酸的摄入量每天不能多于400UG。国内现在有一些高剂量的已经做到了800UG,医生还推荐给病人。叶酸摄入过多会引起流产或其他不良后果，所以这点无论什么品牌的孕妇维生素都严格做到的。

怀孕能吃什么中国人喜欢看是凉性否？但老外没有这个概念，他们不喜欢这种摸不清，化验不到数据的说法，他们重视的就是细菌和病毒，而且都做过一系列相关的实验。

这个在网站上都查不到，也就是说他们都不把西瓜列为需要讨论的食品之一。

这个应该是因人而异的，我非常负责任地告诉大家我自己是一直吃的，但每个人可能体质不一样，大家参考就好。

我9月1日验出怀孕，西瓜是每天半个，到了10月中旬，一来天气变凉了，我来西瓜变贵了。

我就隔天吃半个。我本来就是非常爱吃西瓜的，怀孕后非常燥热，更想吃。从京欣吃到宁夏硒瓜再到黑美人，麒麟。我根据季节从北京的吃到宁夏的，再吃到海南的，没有太大问题。

（有一次吃到大半个冰的，晚上睡觉肚子都冰凉凉的，觉得有点疼；还有一次是北京已经快11月了，我还吃了半个，第二天褐色分泌物有点多，吓到我了，而且觉得肚子那凉凉的。这些都是我个人的经验，我相信这个跟个人体质是有关系的，而且跟西瓜在冰箱的保鲜摆放也是有关系的，在保鲜膜内西瓜更容易滋生细菌，当然不是什么厉害的细菌，但还是会引起腹泻的。所以大家吃西瓜，还是要小心。但也不要认为是禁忌，吃一两次吓得要死，没有必要。）

不过需要注意的是，西瓜的保鲜，在外面买的瓜，小贩切的刀不知道切过什么，如果是肉类那就很无德，如果没有清洗干净，象生的蔬果容易带有沙门氏菌，这个是严重影响胎儿发育的。所以，还是要小心。

If you are cooking whole fish or fillets, check that it's cooked by slipping the point of a sharp knife into the flesh and pulling it aside. The flesh should be opaque, with flakes beginning to separate.
When you've taken the fish out the oven, or turned the heat off the hob, let it stand for three to four minutes to finish cooking.
Prawns and lobster turn red when cooked, and the flesh becomes pearly opaque. Scallops appear milky white or opaque and firm.
For clams, mussels, and oysters, watch for the point at which their shells open, which indicates that they're done. Throw out any that remain closed after cooking.
When microwaving seafood, check several spots to ensure that it has cooked properly.
You could use a food thermometer to check that your seafood has reached a temperature of at least 63 degrees C. Then you'll know for sure that it’s cooked and ready to eat.

When choosing oily fish, bear in mind that they can contain some environmental pollutants, such as PCBs (polychlorinated biphenyls) and dioxins. So it's best that you don't have more than two portions a week.

（下面的鱼因为富含OMEGA3, 饱和脂肪酸和其他营养素及维生素是建议吃的）Oily fish is good for you, so it's still important to include it in your meals. It contains omega 3 fatty acids and other vitamins and nutrients which are good for you and your developing baby. There are plenty of oily fish to choose from, such as:

salmon
trout
mackerel
herring
sardines
pilchards
kippers
eel
whitebait
fresh tuna
anchovies

Other types of fish and shellfish may have similar levels of dioxins and PCBs to oily fish. These are sea bream, turbot, halibut, dogfish (also called huss or rock salmon), crab and sea bass. You should also limit how much you eat of these fish to two portions a week.

Bear in mind that you'll have to limit how much tuna you eat to four medium-sized cans or two steaks per week. Tuna contains mercury, which won’t harm you, but too much can harm your baby's developing nervous system. （TUNA鱼因为含有水银，建议一周吃两块）

Shark, swordfish and marlin contain much higher levels of mercury, so you shouldn't eat these fish at all while you're pregnant. （鲨鱼，剑鱼和马林鱼在孕期因为水银含量较高是完全不建议吃的。）

References

This article was written using the following sources:

FSA. n.d,a. Fish and shellfish. Food Standards Agency, Eatwell. www.eatwell.gov.uk [Accessed December 2010]

FSA. n.d,b. Ask Sam… Pregnancy. Food Standards Agency, Eatwell. www.eatwell.gov.uk [Accessed December 2010]

FSA. n.d,c. When you're pregnant. Food Standards Agency, Eatwell. www.eatwell.gov.uk [Accessed December 2010]

PS:欧洲人的鱼主要来源于北海，挪威海算是比较少污染的，在美洲是阿拉斯加，但这些地方环保组织都天天呼吁说太脏了，鱼都有毒素，想想咱们吃的鱼，就不要想了。

软冰淇淋不能吃，因为里面有生鸡蛋。还有提拉米苏，或者一些用生鸡蛋制成的甜品。生鸡蛋里有沙门氏菌和里斯特菌。

蔬果都特别好，老外对他们不分热性，凉性，但就一条，要清洗干净。比如三明治里会夹个生菜，那这个生菜的来源和有没有被水冲洗，保证没有这些细菌是非常重要的。

同样，有没有保证完全从里到外，每个部分都被熟，否则会有弓形虫。

这点跟我们的认识不太一样，国人认为比如猪肝是补血的，孕妇要进补。除了胆固醇高以外，似乎是好的。但国个认为肝脏里面的黄体素RETINOL，这是VITAMIN A的一种，进入人体对胎儿的神经系统有害，当然是摄入过高的话。但贝塔胡萝卜素进入人体可以被转化成VITAMIN A，这种他们建议多吃。

象生菜和烤肉里的沙门氏菌，里斯特菌，寄生虫，弓形虫等，我们成人吃了可能没有任何反应，连腹泻也没有，但它们会通过胎盘伤害宝宝的发育，有的会阻止营养的吸引，有的会破坏他们的神经系统。包括象水银这类有毒物质。

上面发的是新的维生素，版主可以把商标给抹掉，我不太会弄，但不是卖药的。