1. condemnation n. An
expression of strong disapproval； pronouncing as wrong or morally culpable 谴责，严厉指责

　　eg. He
deserved nothing but condemnation.

　　派生词汇
condemn vt. 谴责 condemning adj. 谴责的
condemningly adv. 谴责地 condemnable adj. 该罚的，该受谴责的 condemnatory
adj. 处罚的，定罪的；谴责的

　　2.
persecution n. the act of oppressing or harass with ill-treatment，
especially because of race， religion， sexual
orientation， or beliefs 迫害，烦扰

　　eg.
They suffered persecution for their beliefs.

　　派生词汇
persecute vt. 迫害，困扰 persecutor n. 迫害者，虐待者
persecute n. 受迫害者

　　3.
pitiful adj. inspiring or deserving pity 可怜的，引起或值得同情的

　　eg.
Their suffering was pitiful to see. 他们受的苦让人见了同情。

　　派生词汇
pitifulness n. 可怜 pitifully adv. 可怜地

　　4.
cleanse vt. To make thoroughly clean or purge of an ideology， bad
thoughts， or sins 使彻底清洁；清洁或使（思想等）变纯洁

　　eg. She
felt cleansed of her sins after confession.

　　派生词汇
cleanser n. 清洁工人；清洁剂；清洁器

　　5.
macaque n. a kind of monkey 猕猴，恒河猴，短尾猴

　　eg.
There are three features of Japanese macaques.

　　6.
retaliation n. action taken in return for an injury or offence 报复

　　eg. The
situation is complicated by the retaliations of the two sides.

　　派生词汇
retaliate vt. 报仇，反击 retaliative adj. 报复性的
retaliatory adj. 报复的

　　7.
analogous adj. partially similar or parallel；
offering an analogy 类似的，相似的

　　eg. The
two processes are not analogous.

　　必背搭配 be
analogous to

　　派生词汇
analogue n. 相似物，类似情况 analogy n. 类推，类比
analogousness n. 类似，相似性 analogously adv. 相似地

　　8.
pecking-order n. a hierarchy among a group， as of
people， classes， or
nations任何团体中之长幼尊卑次序

　　eg.
Newcomers have to accept their position at the bottom of the pecking-order.

　　9.
ethnologist n. student or expert in ethnology 民族学研究者，民族学家

　　eg. Amy
is an ethnologist.

　　派生词汇
ethnology n. 人种学 ethnologic（ethnological） adj. 人种学的

　　ethnologically
adv. 人种学地

　　10.
correlate ①vt. to
put or bring into causal， complementary，
parallel， or reciprocal relation 使相互关联

　　eg. I
cannot correlate these two pieces of information.

　　② vi. to be related by a
correlation 和……相关

　　eg. The
results of this experiment do not correlate with the results of earlier ones.

　　③adj. related by a correlation，
especially having corresponding characteristics 相关的，关联的

　　eg. The
diameter and the circumference of a circle are correlate. 圆的直径与圆周有相互关系。

　　④n. either of two correlate
entities； a correlative 相关一方，两个相对应的方面的任一方

　　eg.
Scientific research requires a careful study of all the correlates.

　　必背搭配
correlate with

　　派生词汇
correlatable adj. 相关的，可对比的 correlated adj. 相关的